Electrical Notes
Exploring grounding conductors

Grounding conductors come in different categories with specific functions. The two primary grounding conductors used in electrical systems are the grounding electrode conductor (GEC) and the equipment grounding conductor (EGC).
The GEC connects the system neutral and service equipment to the grounding electrode system (GES). The intent of the system is to direct objectionable energy from lightning and power surges to the earth. It is often misinterpreted as a protection of people from electric shock. This is not true.
The EGC is designed to provide a low impedance path back to the power supply to trip a breaker or blow a fuse in the event of a ground fault. A properly sized and designed EGC installation protects equipment and reduces hazards of electric shock for people. Another function of the EGC is to bond the metal equipment components together and keep them at the same voltage potential. EGCs can be wires, metal raceways (conduit), and armored cable.

Understanding the different functions of these conductors and using proper terminology are important skills for home inspectors.
Opinions of authors are solely their own and do not necessarily represent the opinions or positions of ASHI, its agents, or editors. Always check with your local governmental agency and independently verify for accuracy, completeness, and reliability.
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